Everyday sexism: Evidence for its incidence, nature, and psychological impact from three daily diary studies

Three daily diary studies were conducted to examine the incidence, nature, and impact of everyday sexism as reported by college women and men. Women e xperienced about one to two impactful sexist incidents per week, consisting of traditional gender role stereotypes and prejudice, demeaning and degrad ing comments and behaviors, and sexual objectification. These incidents aff ected women's psychological well-being by decreasing their comfort, increas ing their feelings of anger and depression, and decreasing their state self -esteem. Although the experiences had similar effects on men's anger depres sion and state self-esteem, men reported relatively fewer sexist incidents, suggesting less overall impact on men. The results provide evidence for th e phenomena of everyday prejudice and enlighten our understanding of the ex perience of prejudice in interpersonal encounters from the perspective of t he target.