Twin pregnancy consisting of 46, XY heterozygous complete mole coexisting with a live fetus

Complete hydatidiform mole and coexistent fetus (CMCF) is a rare occurrence and is associated with an increased risk of persistent gestational trophob lastic diseases. The aim of this study was to reveal a potential risk, fact or and to determine optimum management of CZ;ICF cases. Molar tissues are c ! cytogenetically divided into two types, homozygous and heterozygous. The molar tissue of our case showed a 46, XY heterozygous complete mole. Genomi c DNA was analyzed by the polymerase chain reaction using sers of unlabelle d forward and Cy-5-labelled reverse primers for DNA marker loci. Tl;e patie nt developed persistent trophoblastic disease (PTD) with lung metastasis. S ince 1980 there have been 13 reports (including our case) that cytogenetica lly revealed CMCF and clarified the clinical outcome. Wine of the 16 CMCF c ases before 21 weeks of gestation and seven of the 12 CR:LCF cases after 22 weeks of gestation developed PTD. The incidence of PTD from CMCF was not r elated to the gestational age at termination or delivery. There were 10 cas e reports that analyzed the zygosity of a mole heterozygous or homozygous. Two of six homozygous and three of font heterozygous moles in CMCF cases de veloped PTD. A heterozygous mole is thought to be a high risk factor. for t he incidence of PTD. Cytogenetic study is clinically useful for the optimum management of CMCF cases. (C) 2001 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.