ENHANCEMENT OF RAT TRIGEMINAL GANGLION NEURON RESPONSES TO PIPERINE IN A LOW-PH ENVIRONMENT AND BLOCK BY CAPSAZEPINE

Both trigeminal and spinal ganglion neurons show a strong potentiation of responses to the irritant capsaicin in an acidic environment. The present study revealed that there is also a strong interaction between protons and piperine, another vanilloid irritant. We studied the mech anism of the interaction between protons and piperine. Whole-cell patc h clamp recordings were performed on cultured adult rat trigeminal gan glion (TG) neurons voltage-clamped near their resting membrane potenti al (-60 mV). Piperine (10 mu M) caused a sustained net inward current associated with either an increase or decrease in membrane conductance . When protons and piperine were co-applied, the membrane currents evo ked in piperine-sensitive TG neurons far exceeded the algebraic sum of the responses to the two stimuli applied in isolation. Capsazepine bl ocked the response of TG neurons to piperine at both physiological and acidic pH. in the presence of capsazepine, responses to the mixture o f piperine and protons resembled the response to the low pH stimulus a pplied alone. Capsazepine had no effect on the sustained proton-induce d current. These findings suggest that protons enhance the piperine cu rrent by altering the vanilloid receptor/channel complex or increasing the length constant of the space clamp. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V .