Arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint in adult horses

Objective-To develop a method for arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular j oint in adult horses. Animals-7 equine cadaver heads and 6 clinically normal adult horses. Procedure-Fluoroscopy, contrast radiography, and computed tomography were u sed on cadaver specimens to locate the temporomandibular joint, identify ex ternally palpable landmarks for joins access, guide needle placement into t he joint, and illustrate regional anatomy. The arthrocentesis technique was performed on 6 live healthy adult horses to determine efficacy and safety of this procedure. Results-Externally palpable structures were identified as landmarks for tem poromandibular arthrocentesis, including the lateral border of the condylar process of the mandible, the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, and t he lateral pericapsular fat pad. Arthrocentesis was successful in all 6 joi nts in the live horses, and no complications developed. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The technique identified will improve th e ability to examine and treat the temporomandibular joint in horses.