Phosphoinositide 3-kinases in T lymphocyte activation

Biochemical experiments have established that the metabolism of inositol ph ospholipids by phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) and lipid-phosphatases is triggered by many receptors that control T lymphocyte function, including antigen-receptors, costimulatory molecules, cytokines and chemokines. Novel effectors of P13K have been identified in the immune system and shown to b e important in the control of lymphocyte activation. Moreover, key lipid-ph osphatases have been identified that act to terminate or modulate P13K sign alling in cells of the immune system.