New methods are presented to protect maximum runlength-limited sequences ag
ainst random and burst errors and to avoid error propagation. The methods e
mploy parallel conversion techniques and enumerative coding algorithms that
transform binary user information into constrained codewords. The new sche
mes have a low complexity and are very efficient. The approach can be used
for modulation coding in recording systems and for synchronization and line
coding in communication systems. The schemes enable the usage of high-rate
constrained codes, as error control can be provided with similar capabilit
ies as for unconstrained sequences.