Highly blood compatible titania gel

We examined blood compatibility of titania gels prepared through a sol-gel processing or yielded on titanium substrates by treating with hydrogen pero xide or simple heating. The blood compatibility was evaluated in terms of b lood clotting time and correlated to the crystalline phases, roughness, spe cific surface area, and wettability. The sol-gel derived titania gel heated above 200 degreesC had good blood compatibility. Ti substrate treated with hydrogen peroxide and subsequently heated at 550 degreesC showed the best blood compatibility among the Ti substrates with or without the chemical tr eatment and heat-treatment. The specimen consisted of rutile and anatase ph ases, and had hydrophilic surface.