Duplication deformities are the most common of all upper limb congenital di
fferences, and ulnar (postaxial) polydactyly is by far the most common type
seen within the United States. It is seen approximately 10 times more freq
uently in African Americans than Caucasian Americans, with an incidence of
one in 300 for the former and one in 3000 for the latter. This contribution
by Drs. Rayan and Frey adds an expanded classification and provides more d
ata for the existing Literature. They have shown how difficult it is to obt
ain adequate outcome data with an increasingly mobile population. Of 255 pa
tients seen with the diagnosis of ulnar polydactyly, slightly less than two
-thirds could be included within their study. In this retrospective review
of 148 patients, the authors make several points that deserve emphasis, cla
rification, or additional discussion.