A. Segref et al., The evolutionarily conserved region of the U snRNA export mediator PHAX isa novel RNA-binding domain that is essential for U snRNA export, RNA, 7(3), 2001, pp. 351-360
In metazoa, a subset of spliceosomal U snRNAs are exported from the nucleus
after transcription. This export occurs in a large complex containing a U
snRNA, the nuclear cap binding complex (CBC), the leucine-rich nuclear expo
rt signal receptor CRM1/Xpo1, RanGTP, and the recently identified phosphopr
otein PHAX ((ph) over bar osphorylated (a) over bar daptor for RNA e (x) ov
er bar port), Previous results indicated that PHAX made direct contact with
RNA, CBC,and Xpo1 in the U snRNA export complex, We have now performed a s
ystematic characterization of the functional domains of PHAX, The most evol
utionarily conserved region of PHAX is shown to be a novel RNA-binding doma
in that is essential for U snRNA export. In addition, PHAX contains two maj
or nuclear localization signals (NLSs) that are required for its recycling
to the nucleus after export, The interaction domain of PHAX with CBC is at
least partly distinct from the RNA-binding domain and the NLSs. Thus, the d
ifferent interaction domains of PHAX allow it to act as a scaffold for the
assembly of U snRNA export complexes.