Bibliography of cost-effectiveness practices in physical medicine and rehabilitation: AAPM&R white paper

Cost-effectiveness studies attempt to determine the ratio of costs to outco mes of a particular intervention or treatment and to compare a standard int ervention with an alternative intervention to determine if the alternative is more cost effective. The goal is to establish priorities for the resourc es allocation and to decide among alternative interventions for the same me dical condition. The global process of rehabilitation does not usually lend itself to cost-effective analysis (due to the complex set of treatments pr ovided) but rather to specific interventions and specific aspects of outcom e. The American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation has publish ed a cost effectiveness annotated bibliography on the Internet (http://www. aapmr.org/memphys/cebfinala.htm) that identifies 132 studies in the literat ure that meet specified criteria and are related to the field of rehabilita tion. This White Paper attempts to interpret and synthesize the studies in that bibliography that relate to stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI), orthoped ic conditions, pain syndromes, amputations, and traumatic brain injury (TBI ). Most studies support the cost effectiveness of care for stroke and SCI i n dedicated units or centers rather than in a general medical unit. Studies also support back programs and revascularization procedures in limb ischem ia. Studies in TBI underscore the significant financial resources for the c are of these patients as well as the potential benefit from rehabilitation services even in the most severely injured. Further high quality research i n this area is needed.