Sparking new frontiers: Using in vivo electroporation for genetic manipulations

In vivo electroporation is a fascinating new approach by which gene express ion, regulation, and function can be studied in developmental systems. This technique offers new opportunities for manipulations in animal models that lack genetic approaches, including avians. Furthermore, this approach is a pplicable to other embryo populations including mice, ascidians, zebrafish, Xenopus, and Drosophila. In this review, we discuss technical aspects of i n vivo electroporation, review recent studies where this approach has been utilized successfully, and identify future directions. (C) 2001 Academic Pr ess.