Characterization of foxing stains by chemical and spectrometric methods

Authors
Bicchieri, M Pappalardo, G Romano, FP Sementilli, FM De Acutis, R
Citation
M. Bicchieri et al., Characterization of foxing stains by chemical and spectrometric methods, RESTAURATOR, 22(1), 2001, pp. 1-19
Citations number
22
Categorie Soggetti
Library & Information Science
Journal title
RESTAURATOR-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PRESERVATION OF LIBRARY AND ARCHIVAL MATERIAL
ISSN journal
00345806 → ACNP
Volume
22
Issue
1
Year of publication
2001
Pages
1 - 19
Database
ISI
SICI code
0034-5806(2001)22:1<1:COFSBC>2.0.ZU;2-Z
Abstract
Foxing stains on six different papers from the 16(th)-18(th) centuries and additionally fox-like stains produced by dripping different amounts (1, 3 a nd 5 mul) of solutions of FeCl3, KCl and FeCl3+KCl (5.10(-3) M) on modern p aper and artificially ageing were analyzed for chromaticity, fluorescence u nder W illumination, carbonyl content, thickness and submitted to IR spectr oscopy and XRF spectrometry. As a result it is stated that the foxing pheno menon is related to a strong oxidation of the cellulose chain. Not regardin g certain and possibly specific differences between different kinds of foxi ng stains, this strong oxidation is the only common characteristics for fox ed areas.