Neuronal plasticity and regeneration in the olfactory system of mammals: morphological and functional recovery following olfactory bulb deafferentation

The mammalian olfactory system has the unique property in the permanent tur nover of the olfactory sensory neurons under normal conditions and followin g injury. This implies that the topographical map of the epithelium-to-bulb connections generated during ontogenesis has to be maintained despite neur on renewal in order to insure olfactory information processing. One way to investigate this issue has been to disrupt the peripheral connections and a nalyze how neural connections may be reestablished as well as how animals m ay perform in olfactory-mediated tasks. This review surveys the main data p ertaining to both morphological and functional recoveries taking place in t he peripheral olfactory system following olfactory bulb deafferentation, Co nclusions from these studies are enlightened by recent data from molecular biology.