Jf. Agnese et Gg. Teugels, Genetic evidence for monophyly of the genus Heterobranchus and paraphyly of the genus Clarias (Siluriformes, Clariidae), COPEIA, (2), 2001, pp. 548-552
A 579 base-pairs fragment of the cytochrome b gene has been sequenced for t
he Four Heterobranchus species, four Clarias species, and Channallabes apus
(Clariidae), Clarotes laticeps (Claroteidae) was used as outgroup, Results
support the hypothesis that Heterobranchus is monophyletic, Clarias, howev
er, appears to be paraphyletic.