Prevention of secondary health conditions in adults with developmental disabilities: a review of the literature

Purpose: To compile empirical findings regarding prevention strategies for secondary conditions experienced by adults with developmental disabilities. Method: The PsycLit and PubMed databases were searched for articles address ing the 20 most pervasive secondary conditions and the prevention of second ary conditions in general. Results: Of more than 2000 articles examined, 25 met criteria for inclusion . None could be categorized as a primary approach to prevention, 19 involve d secondary and six involved tertiary approaches. The majority included bet ween one and ten participants. Nine studies involved the administration of treatment, three providing certain experiences, two chart review, and 11 a training approach. Injuries due to self-abuse, communication problems, dent al hygiene problems, and problems with memory, persistence and mobility wer e addressed. Conclusion: Little is known regarding the prevention of secondary condition s within this population. The authors stress the necessity to focus researc h efforts on greater understanding of the linkage between disability, rehab ilitation and public health models.