MIXED ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION - FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE

The 10th International Classification of Disease (ICD-10) introduced t he concept of mixed anxiety-depression to define patients presenting b oth anxiety and depressive symptoms of limited number and/or intensity , not sufficiently severe to fulfill criteria for a specific diagnosis of depressive or anxiety disorder. Epidemiologic surveys have shown t hat these patients may display significant levels of functional impair ment, have unexplained somatic symptoms and a high use of nonpsychiatr ic medical care, have long-lasting symptoms, and are at risk for more severe psychiatric disorders. A DSM-IV field trial concluded that pati ents with affective symptoms not meeting thresholds for DSM-III-R diso rders were at least as common as patients with anxiety or mood disorde rs, and that their symptoms were associated with significant distress or impairment. Although some of these patients present residual sympto ms from previous psychiatric episodes and may request treatment specif ic to these conditions, it is not known if those without a psychiatric history could benefit from pharmacologic or psychological treatments usually used in mild outpatient cases.