Titanium incorporation in Zn2TiO4 spinel ceramics

Compositions in the Zn2TiO4 + xTiO(2) system (x = 0-0.43) were synthesized via the solid-state reaction route, using high-purity (greater than or equa l to 99.99%) metal-oxide powders. The incorporation of titanium, in the for m of TiO2, in Zn2TiO4 spinel ceramics was investigated by analyzing the cry stal structure and measuring the dielectric properties, The results of the crystal structure analyses suggested that TiO2 levels of x less than or equ al to 0.33 could be incorporated into the Zn2TiO4 spinel at temperatures of T > 945 degreesC, whereas the solid solubility of titanium in Zn2TiO4 decr eased for T < 945 degreesC, When x greater than or equal to 0.28, the Zn2Ti 3O8 phase formed in the Zn2TiO4 grain interior while cooling after heat tre atment. Measurement of the microwave dielectric properties also supported t he conclusion that the solubility limit of titanium in Zn2TiO4 was close to x = 0.33, as determined through analysis of the crystal structure.