WIP regulates N-WASP-mediated actin polymerization and filopodium formation

Induction of filopodia is dependent on activation of the small GTPase Cdc42 and on neural Wiskott-Aldrich-syndrome protein (N-WASP). Here we show that WASP-interacting protein (WIP) interacts directly with N-WASP and actin. W IP retards N-WASP/Cdc42-activated actin polymerization mediated by the Arp2 /3 complex, and stabilizes actin filaments. Microinjection of WIP into NIH 3T3 fibroblasts induces filopodial this is inhibited by microinjection of a nti-N-WASP antibody. Microinjection of anti-WIP antibody inhibits induction of filopodia by bradykinin, by an active Cdc42 mutant (Cdc42(V12)) and by N-WASP. Our results indicate that WIP and N-WASP may act as a functional un it in filopodium formation, which is consistent with their role in actin-ta il formation in cells infected with vaccinia virus or Shigella.