This article represents the proceedings of a symposium at the 2000 ISBRA Me
eting in Yokohama, Japan. The chair was Dipak K. Sarkar. The presentations
were (1) Dual role of estrogen as hormone and carcinogen in mammary carcino
genesis, by Joachim G. Liehr; (2) Alcohol and breast cancer: Studies using
animals, by Keith W. Singletary; and (3) Evaluation of the role of estrogen
in mediation of ethanol effect on prolactinoma: Studies using animals, by
Dipak K. Sarkar.