The introduction of two transgenes into one animal is increasingly common a
s transgenic experiments become more sophisticated. In this study we examin
e two strategies for creating double transgenic founders from a single micr
oinjection. In the first approach, two constructs, each with its own promot
er element, were coinjected into the pronucleus. In the second approach, bo
th transgenes were cloned into one vector, separated by an internal ribosom
al entry site (IRES), and placed under control of a single promoter. Both s
trategies save time and increase the percentage of double transgenic offspr
ing over the standard method of mating single transgenic lines. However, de
spite high transgene copy numbers, the bicistronic lines did not show robus
t expression of either protein. Copy number and protein expression correlat
ed much better in the coinjected lines, with expression levels in one line
approaching that observed in some of our best single transgenic controls. T
hus we recommend coinjection of individual plasmids for the generation of m
ultiply transgenic founders. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights rese
rved.