In vivo bone lead measurements with Cd-109-based K-shell X-ray fluorescence
(XRF) have been used to assess long-term lead exposure in adults. Tibia le
ad levels were measured in 210 children (106 boys, 104 girls) of 11-12 1/2,
years of age in a lead smelter town and in a control (nonexposed) town. Ti
bia lead levels, methodological uncertainties, and models of some of the fa
ctors influencing them are presented. Cd-109-based K-shell XRF tibia lead m
ethodological uncertainty in children is comparable to that in adults. (C)
2001 Academic Press.