We show that the characteristic sizes of astrophysical and cosmological str
uctures, where gravity is the only overall relevant interaction assembling
the system, have a phenomenological relation to the microscopic scales whos
e order of magnitude is essentially ruled by the Compton wavelength of the
proton. This result agrees with the absence of screening mechanisms for the
gravitational interaction and could be connected to the presence of Yukawa
correcting terms in the Newtonian potential which introduces typical inter
action lengths. Furthermore, we are able to justify, in a straightforward w
ay, the Sanders-postulated mass of a vector boson considered in order to ob
tain the characteristic sizes of galaxies.