Electrochemistry and conducting polymers: soft, wet, multifunctional and biomimetic materials.

Volume, colour or stored charge change in parallel to the counterion conten t inside polyconjugated materials during reverse electrochemical control in liquid electrolytes (soft and wet materials). Devices like artificial musc les, smart windows working as mimicking skins, electron-ion transducers and others, always mimicking biological functions can be constructed and contr olled under the same electrochemical property (multifunctionality). Sensing and actuating properties occur simultaneously, approaching them to intelli gent biological materials.