A new fundamental mathematical representation of linear free-surface potent
ial flows is given. The flow representation, called velocity representation
, only involves first derivatives of the Green function and defines the vel
ocity inside a flow domain in terms of source and vortex distributions give
n by the normal and tangential velocity components of the velocity at the b
oundary surface. The velocity representation yields remarkably simple analy
tical representations of the waves generated by an arbitrary boundary veloc
ity distribution for time-harmonic flows, with or without forward speed, an
d for steady flows. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.