Emerging homogeneous DNA-based technologies in the clinical laboratory

Background: Advances in molecular diagnostic technologies have enabled gene tic testing in single closed-tube reactions. The purpose of this review is to highlight some of the platforms and technologies currently available for the homogeneous detection of targets and the application of the technologi es in the clinical setting. Validation issues surrounding the technologies, which may need to be addressed before they can become widely accepted, wil l also be discussed. Approach: This review discusses the principles of several of the major tech nologies available for performing homogeneous genetic analyses. Publication s arising from the application of the technologies in a wide range of clini cal areas are used to highlight and compare the potential advantages and sh ortcomings of the various technologies. Content: This review is descriptive and focuses on three areas: the technol ogies available for performing homogeneous analysis, the clinical applicati ons where the technologies are being used, and validation issues surroundin g the acceptance of the technologies in the general clinical setting. Summary: This review intends to give the reader a greater understanding of the various technologies available for performing homogeneous genetic testi ng in the clinical laboratory. Through insight into the principles and perf ormance characteristics underlying these technologies, the end user can eva luate their value and limitations in the clinical diagnostic setting. (C) 2 001 American Association for Clinical Chemistry.