The most convincing and shortest version of Putnam's argument against the p
ossibility of our eternal envattment is due to Crispin Wright (1994). It av
oids most of the misunderstandings that have been elicited by Putnam's orig
inal presentation of the argument in Reason, Truth and History (1981). But
it is still open to the charge of question-begging. True enough, the premis
ses of the argument (disquotation and externalism) can be formulated and de
fended without presupposing external objects whose existence appears doubtf
ul in the light of the very skeptical scenario which Putnam wants to repudi
ate. However, the argument is only valid if we add an extra premiss as to t
he existence of some external objects. In order to avoid circularity, we sh
ould run the argument with external objects which must exist even if we are
brains in a vat, e.g. with computers rather than with trees. As long as th
e skeptic is engaged in a discussion of the brain-in-a-vat scenario, she sh
ould neither deny the existence of computers nor the existence of causal re
lations; for if she does, she is in fact denying that we are brains in a va
t.