Using data from Canada, the Czech Republic, Hong Kong and Indonesia, this p
aper tests the concept that training should be viewed as only one (perhaps
small) factor in the drive towards world-class productivity. Rather, it is
a combination of social science and physical science factors that must be m
anaged, if productivity is to improve. This gap analysis technique focuses
on reactive and proactive job analyses to develop programmes of workplace c
hange. Even when utilized in widely varying cultures, the model yields comp
arable results.