Light reflected from colored mulches affects aroma and phenol content of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) leaves

Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is an herb the leaves of which are used to add a distinct aroma and flavor to food. It was hypothesized that the size and chemical composition of sun-grown basil leaves could be influenced by the c olor of light reflected from the soil surface and by the action of the refl ected light through the natural growth regulatory system within the growing plants. Leaf morphology, aroma compounds, and soluble phenolics were compa red in basil that had been grown over six colors of polyethylene row covers . Altering the ratios of blue, red, and far-red light reflected to growing plants influenced both leaf morphology and chemistry. Leaves developing ove r red surfaces had greater area, moisture percentage (succulence), and fres h weight than those developing over black surfaces. Basil grown over yellow and green surfaces produced significantly higher concentrations of aroma c ompounds than did basil grown over white and blue covers. Leaves grown over yellow and green mulches also contained significantly higher concentration s of phenolics than those grown over the other colors. Clearly, the wavelen gths (color) of light reflected to growing basil plants affected leaf size, aroma, and concentrations of soluble phenolics, some of which are antioxid ants.