Predictable multiple site root coverage using an acellular dermal matrix allograft

Background: The primary aim of this randomized, controlled, blinded clinica l investigation was to determine if orientation of an acellular dermal matr ix (ADM) allograft, basement membrane side against the tooth or connective tissue side against the tooth, affected the percent root coverage. Addition al aims were to: 1) compare results of this study with results obtained fro m other root coverage studies; 2) determine if multiple additional sites co uld be successfully covered with the same surgery; 3) determine the effect of the procedure on keratinized tissue; and 4) evaluate the amount of creep ing attachment obtained. Methods: Ten patients with 2 Miller Class I or II buccal recession defects greater than or equal to3 mm were treated with a coronally positioned flap plus ADM and followed for 12 months. Test sites received ADM with the basem ent membrane side against the root (AB), while the control sites received t he connective tissue side against the root (AC). Multiple additional recess ion sites were treated with the same flap procedure. Results: Mean baseline recession for the AB sites was 4.2 mm and for the AC sites, 3.7 mm. Mean root coverage of 95% was obtained for both AB and AC s ites. Sixty-eight additional Class I or II AB and AC sites obtained about 9 3% root coverage. The mean increase in keratinized tissue for both treatmen ts was 0.80 mm. No additional root coverage was gained due to creeping atta chment between 2 and 12 months. Conclusions: Treatment with ADM was an effective and predictable procedure for root coverage. The orientation of the material did not affect the treat ment outcome for any of the parameters tested.