S. Shirakawa et al., Rhodium-catalyzed biphasic hydroformylation of 4-octene using water-soluble calix[4]arene-phosphine ligands, NEW J CHEM, 25(6), 2001, pp. 777-779
The hydroformylation of water-insoluble internal olefins has been realized
in biphasic systems via the use of rhodium complexes of water-soluble calix
[4]arene-phosphines. This catalytic system resulted in a good level of acti
vity and reusability.