Occupational exposures to metals, solvents and pesticides: recent evidenceon male reproductive effects and biological markers

This review is based primarily on the recent epidemiological studies conduc ted in occupational settings in order to explore the relationship between e xposures to chemical agents and the possible effects on male reproductive f unction. The paper examines evidence of the effects of metals, solvents, pe sticides and dioxin. The effects considered are primarily the possible alte rations of sperm quality and reduction of fertility Many studies have ident ified small groups of workers with exposures to these agents, presenting so me alteration in the spermatological or fertility profile, but the results are difficult to replicate in other settings with different individuals and different levels of exposure. From examination of the concentrations of en vironmental and occupational pollutants in the blood and in the seminal flu id of exposed individuals, it appears that, in general, the concentrations are much lower in the seminal fluid and in sperm cells, making this a less useful marker of exposure.