Use of absolute ethanol for embolization procedures in veterinary medicine: A clinical application in the treatment of unilateral ectopic ureter in three female dogs

Absolute ethanol is a widely used embolization substance in human beings bu t has no definite indication in animals. In this study, three dogs with a u nilateral ectopic ureter were treated by renal embolization with sterile ab solute ethanol using a previously described technique. Immediate cessation of urinary incontinence was observed in two cases, while the third case imp roved but showed persistent urinary incontinence that was ascribed to vesic ourethral sphincter incompetence. Post-interventional complications were th e same as those encountered,vith the more conventional surgical techniques. Other possible applications of embolization procedures with absolute ethan ol are briefly discussed.