A. Hall et al., Why research partnerships really matter: Innovation theory, institutional arrangements and implications for developing new technology for the poor, WORLD DEV, 29(5), 2001, pp. 783-797
This paper explores the conceptual basis for existing and emergent institut
ional patterns in the context of partnership approaches to technology devel
opment. Drawing examples from recent studies of private enterprise activity
in India smallholder horticulture, it suggests that agricultural innovatio
n as a process involves a wider range of organizational types than the conv
entional policy focus on public sector research organizations would tend to
suggest. It uses the concept of a "national innovation system" to argue th
at a partnership approach is adopted as a core methodology for engaging sci
ence and technology development with the livelihood demands of the poor. (C
) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.