J. Song et al., Air oxidation at 600-800(omicron)C of two nanophase co-50wt% Cu alloys prepared by mechanical alloying, HIGH TEMP M, 20(1), 2001, pp. 25-37
The air oxidation of two two-phase cobalt-copper alloys prepared by mechani
cal alloying, containing approximately 50 wt%Cu but presenting two differen
t grain sizes, has been studied at 600-800 degreesC. The two alloys have be
en obtained by sintering a mixture of nanophase Co-Cu powders by hot isosta
tic pressing followed or not by an annealing at 800 degreesC for 20 hr. Bot
h alloys formed composite scales containing complex mixtures of copper and
cobalt oxides associated with an internal oxidation of cobalt in a copper m
atrix. The kinetics of oxidation were close to parabolic at 600 and 700 deg
reesC, but rather irregular at 800 degreesC. Moreover, the oxidation rates
of the two alloys were similar at 600 degreesC, but the annealed alloy corr
oded more slowly at 700 and 800 degreesC. On the whole, the scaling behavio
r of the two nanophase alloys was rather similar to that of an ahoy of the
same composition prepared by conventional casting techniques and thus prese
nting a much larger grain size. Thus, the very small grain size of the pres
ent alloys is not yet sufficient to produce an exclusive external oxidation
of cobalt, as might be expected as a result of a possible faster diffusion
of cobalt along grain boundaries in the alloy. The presence of large convo
lutions in the outermost CuO layer and the extensive spallation of the unde
rlying Cu2O layer are attributed to the accumulation of mechanical stresses
in the scale due to the penetration of oxygen along the grain boundaries i
n the scale and to a reduction of the sample size associated with the incre
ase in the alloy grain size with time during oxidation.