Excess thermodynamic functions in the liquid system (Bi-Cd-Ga-In-Pb-Sn-Zn). Measurements and calculations

We summarize our measurements and calculations of enthalpy of mixing and ac tivity in the seven component liquid system (Bi-Cd-Ga-In-Pb-Sn-Zn). The ent halpy measurements were carried out at 700-1000 K using a Calvet type calor imeter. The activity measurements were carried out at 714, 805 and 877 K us ing an EMF cell with a KCl-LiCl eutectic electrolyte. The calculations were done using the Hoch-Arpshofen model. In the measurements of the partial en thalpy of mixing and activity data, the calculated uncertainties were large r than the difference between the measured and calculated values. For the e nthalpy of mixing data in the seven-component system, we needed 21 binary i nteraction parameters, and for the activity measurements in the five-compon ent (Bi-Cd-Pb-Sn-Zn) system, 20 binary interaction parameters are required. Thus it is possible to calculate large systems, make a few experiments to check the calculations, and thus to be able to help different industries. ( C) 2001 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.