Sperm retrieval, fertilization, and pregnancy outcome in repeated testicular sperm aspiration

Purpose: To report the outcome of sperm retrieval and results after ICSI in lip to six repeated testicular sperm aspiration procedures. Methods: Twenty-hue men with obstructive and thirty-four men with nonobstru ctive azoospermia underwent 50 and 91 needle aspirations, respectively. Suf ficiency of spermatozoa for ICSI and cryopreservation, fertilization rate, and pregnancy outcome was analyzed retrospectively. Results: No major differences were found in sperm recovery or pregnancy out come in the repeated cycles. Testicular aspirate containing motile spermato zoa with maintained fertilizing capacity was obtained in up to six repeated procedures in the nonobstructive group. No postoperative complications wer e reported for any of the participants. Conclusions: Testicular sperm aspiration is a simple and effective method o f sperm retrieval, which can be performed from the same testis up to severa l times with good recovery of motile spermatozoa for ICSI and maintaining h igh fertilization and pregnancy rates, in men with both obstructive and non obstructive azoospermia.