A theoretical model of uniform flow distribution for the admission of high-energy fluids to a surface steam condenser

An analytical study is made of the perforated pipe distributor for the admi ssion of high-energy fluids to a surface steam condenser. The results show that for all perforated pipes there is a general characteristic parameter M (kD/Lf), which depends on the pipe geometry and pow properties. Four cases al e considered based on the value of the characteristic parameter M. (1) W hen M greater than or equal to1/4, momentum controls and the main channel s tatic pressure will increase in the direction of the streamline. (2) When 1 /6 less than or equal toM <1/4, the momentum effect balances friction losse s and the pressure will decrease to a minimum, and then increase in the dir ection of flow to a positive value. (3) When 0 <M <1/6, friction controls a nd the pressure will decrease to a minimum, then increase slowly, but the t otal pipe static pressure difference will always be negative. (4) When M=0, a limiting case when the ratio of the length to the diameter is infinite. This analysis is useful not only for the design of perforated pipe distribu tors for turbine condensers over a wide range of dimensions, fluid properti es, and side hole pressure but also for many other technical systems requir ing branching flow distribution.