Measurement of physiologic variables is essential for maintaining stability
, determining diagnosis, and monitoring treatment in the pediatric intensiv
e care unit. Electronic devices facilitate and expand the capabilities of t
he medical practitioner. Recently, noninvasive monitors have been developed
to supplant or substitute for invasive monitors. This article explores sev
eral noninvasive monitoring techniques that assess oxygenation and delivery
, perfusion, and end-organ function.