Combined surgery and endovascular stenting for basilar artery stenosis refractory to balloon angioplasty: Technical case report

The authors report a case of symptomatic basilar artery stenosis treated by stenting via the surgically exposed C1 vertebral artery. This case was ini tially treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty via a transfemoral route but resulted in unsatisfactory dilatation. Stenting via a transfemora l route also resulted in failure because of the: coiling of the proximal ve rtebral artery. Direct puncture of the vertebral artery beyond the coiling portion was tried but a stent could not be delivered beyond the C2 vertebra e, Finally, the vertebral artery was surgically exposed between C1 and the occipital bone and a stent was introduced into the lesion from this portion under fluoroscopic control. The basilar artery was fully opened by stentin g without new neurological deficits. Stenting of the basilar artery via a t ransfemoral route is not always possible even with newer generation stents if the vertebral artery has elongated tortuous curves. Combined surgery and endovascular stenting is one of the alternatives in such cases including o ur case.