Contractual national parks and the Makuleke community

Contractual national parks in South Africa are established on land owned ei ther by the state or by a group of private individuals, but managed by Sout h African National Parks (SANP) according to the terms of a joint managemen t agreement drawn LIP by a joint management committee consisting of represe ntatives from SANP and tile landowners. Since majority rule in 1994, contra ctual national parks have been seen as a model through which the country S conservation as well as development objectives can be met, particularly whe re landowners are previously disadvantaged communities This study looks at the Makuleke region of Kruger National Park in order to ascertain how succe ssful the contractual national park model is in meeting conservation, socia l, and economic objectives for the area.