Global self-esteem, ethnic self-esteem, and family integrity: Turkish and Dutch early adolescents in The Netherlands

The relationship between ethnic minority identity and global self-esteem co ntinues to be an important topic. In two studies among Turkish and Dutch ea rly adolescents in The Netherlands, it was found that both groups did not d iffer in global self-esteem. However, the Turks indicated more positive eth nic self-esteem than the Dutch and they more strongly endorsed family integ rity as an individual tendency towards collectivism. In addition, ethnic se lf-esteem was found to have a stronger positive relation with global self-e steem among Turkish than Dutch participants. Further, only among the Turks was family integrity positively related to ethnic self-esteem and global se lfe-steem. Both the esteem derived from ethnic group membership as well as family integrity contributed independently to global personal self-esteem a mong the Turks. Among both ethnic groups boys had a more positive global (t wo studies) and ethnic self-esteem (one study) than girls.