Pathomechanism of amyloidogenic protein's activity in aetiology of spongiform encephalopathies and Alzheimer's disease

The article presents a wide range of results of the studies on amyloidogeni c proteins role in spongiform encephalopathies pathogenesis (prion) and Alz heimer's disease (presenilins 1 and 2, beta amyloid presenter protein - APP , apolipoprotein E4). It also describes Amyloidogenic proteins and presents recent opinions on the molecular mechanism of protein conversion resulting in the creation of fibre precursors and subsequently formed amyloid fibril s. Prion is, so far, the only known almyloidogenic protein with infectious abilities which. iran cross the species barrier, Hypothetical functions and role of cell protein - prion, its proof and models are presented concernin g this protein conformer's participation in human and animals prion disease s esis - as formulated by Prusiner, Gajdusek, Lansbury and their colleagues , Finally, the article presents amyloidogenic proteins, isolated over the pas t few years and responsible for different forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) : presenilin 1 (its mutations cause 75% of the most severe AD form), presen ilin 2 (responsible for 15% of AD cases), beta amyloid precursor protein (A PP) related to 10% of AD cases, and apolipoprotein E4 - responsible for AD susceptibility at the final stage of life (over 80 years).