S. Ansoldi et al., Vacuum bubbles nucleation and dark matter production through gauge symmetry rearrangement - art. no. 025008, PHYS REV D, 6402(2), 2001, pp. 5008
Modern particle physics and cosmology support the idea that a background of
invisible material pervades the whole universe, and identify in the cosmic
vacuum the ultimate source of matter-energy, both seen and unseen. Within
the framework of the theory of fundamental relativistic membranes, we sugge
st a self-consistent, vacuum-energy-driven mechanism for dark matter creati
on through gauge symmetry rearrangement.