EVALUATION OF CONTRAST DENSITIES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CAROTID STENOSISBY CT ANGIOGRAPHY

OBJECTIVE. This study assesses intravascular density produced by ionic and nonionic contrast material and its effect on visualization of ste noses by CT angiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS. CT angiography was per formed using a 32-vessel phantom to study grades of luminal stenoses ( 0-100%), three lengths of stenoses (1, 3, and 5 mm), and two angles of inclination into the stenoses (45 degrees and 75 degrees), Scans were obtained with a slice thickness of 2 mm, a slice interval of 1.5 mm, a pitch of 1.0, a voltage of 120 kV, and a current of both 100 and 200 mA. Vessels were oriented parallel to the z-axis, and opacified with ionic and nonionic contrast material that had densities of 100, 150, 2 00, 250, 300, and 350 H, Cross-sectional luminal diameters were measur ed in and out of the stenoses, Edge definition and halo artifact for e ach vessel were graded by an investigator who was unaware of the contr ast material density used. RESULTS. A contrast density of 150 H as rev ealed by CT angiography yielded the most accurate stenosis measurement s with ionic contrast material. For nonionic contrast material, attenu ation values of 150 and 200 H produced the best results on CT angiogra phy, A density of 100 H or greater than 250 H significantly increased the error of vessel measurement (p =.001) for both types of contrast m aterial, For the two current levels tested (100 and 200 mA), no statis tical difference was found. CONCLUSION. The accuracy of CT angiography in measuring carotid stenosis depends on the luminal attenuation valu e, An optimum contrast density is 150 H for ionic contrast material; f or nonionic contrast material, 150-200 H (at the window and level sett ings of 300 H and 40 H).