Individual differences: Variation by design

Stanovich & West (S&W) appear to overlook the adaptivity of variation. Beha vioral variability, both between and within individuals, is an absolute nec essity, for phylogenetic and ontological adaptation. As with all heritable characteristics, inter-individual behavioral variation is the foundation fo r natural selection. Similarly, intra-individual variation allows a broad e xploration of potential solutions. Variation increases the likelihood that more optimal behaviors are available for selection. Four examples of the ad aptivity of variation are discussed: (a) Genetic variation as it pertains t o behavior and natural selection; (b) behavioral and cognitive aspects of m ate selection which may facilitate genetic diversity; (c) variation as a st rategy, for optimizing learning through greater exploration; and (d) behavi oral variation coupled with communication as a means to propagate individua lly discovered behavioral success.