Effectiveness of an oral health education programme in primary schools in Zimbabwe after 3.5 years

Many medical and dental professionals in African nations believe that schoo l teachers, through attendance of a short workshop, can be trained to provi de oral health education. This increases the number of professionals availa ble and is regarded as an important way forward in improving oral health, O bjectives: The current study assesses the effectiveness of an oral health e ducation programme administered by schoolteachers in a district in Zimbabwe over a period of 3.5 years. Methods: The experimental group consisted of s chools that had sent representatives to a regional workshop on oral health held in 1992. The control group was selected at random from schools not hav ing attended the workshop. A total number of 439 boys and 526 girls were ex amined in 1992. Follow-up evaluations were carried out in 1993, 1994 and 19 96. The dependent variables were plaque accumulation and caries increment i n grade 2 and grade 4 children of experimental and control schools. Results : ANOVA test with year of evaluation (1992-94), experiment/control school, age and gender as independent variables showed no statistically significant difference in mean plaque scores in longitudinally examined original grade 2 (P>0.20) and grade 4 children (P=0.06) from experimental and control sch ools. The mean caries increment score in the experimental and control schoo ls was 0.04 and 0.19, respectively. ANOVA test with fluoride levels and gen der as independent variables on caries increment in experimental and contro l schools did not show a statistically significant difference (P=0.06). Con clusion: The one-time training of teachers in aspects of oral health was in effective in lowering plaque levels over a period of 3.5 years. Considering the low caries increment observed over the study period, the effect of the oral health programme on caries levels in the study group was inconclusive .