In vitro effects of Naloxone on T-lymphocyte-dependent antibacterial activity in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients and in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients
L. Amati et al., In vitro effects of Naloxone on T-lymphocyte-dependent antibacterial activity in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected patients and in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, IMMUNOPH IM, 23(1), 2001, pp. 1-11
Naloxone acts as an opioid antagonist, displacing opioid drugs from cellula
r receptors. Among opioid substances, P-endorphins are able to bind to seve
ral cell receptors, even including those expressed by immune cells. In this
respect, evidence has been provided that in the course of viral infections
, as well as in patients with ulcerative colitis high levels of beta -endor
phins are detectable. Here, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 21 HCV
infected patients and 14 patients with IBD, respectively, were incubated wi
th Naloxone and Naloxone + Ca2+ in order to evaluate a putative modulation
of PBL-mediated antibacterial activity. In fact, previous studies have demo
nstrated a reduction of this T-cell activity in HCV and IBD patients.
In general terms, the above treatment led to a recovery of the depressed an
tibacterial activity. In some cases, increase in T lymphocyte function was
obtained with Naloxone alone, while in other cases the combination Naloxone
-e Ca2+ gave rise to a restorative effect. Of note, in some instances, lym
phocytes were unresponsive to pharmacological modulation.
The overall results suggest that beta -endorphins may down modulate T-cell
antibacterial response in HCV and in IBD patients by saturating peripheral
receptors on immune cells. Therefore, it is likely that Naloxone and/or Nal
ox-one + Ca2+ may displace opioid drugs, thus antagonizing their effects.