Serum but not CSF concentrations of the interferon-gamma -inducing cytokine
interleukin (IL)-18 were significantly augmented in patients with MS as co
mpared to both healthy controls and patients with other neurologic diseases
. Patients with MS with secondary chronic progressive disease had significa
ntly higher serum levels than those with relapsing remitting MS. In the lat
ter group, IL-18 levels were higher in patients with acute exacerbation as
compared to those with stable disease.