From competition to community: participatory learning and action among young, debt-bonded Vietnamese sex workers in Cambodia

Community mobilisation strategies for HIV/AIDS prevention based on recognit ion of social vulnerability and concepts of empowerment have emerged at the forefront of international efforts to reduce the AIDS pandemic, increasing ly replacing a focus on individual risk. This paper describes the start-up phase Of a participatory learning and action project to create a sense of c ommunity identity as a first step towards collective action among some 300 young, debt-bonded, brothel-based migrant sex workers from Vietnam in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The factors that make sex workers vulnerable to HIV also p ose considerable barriers to mobilising them, due to competing interests be tween and among brothel owners and sex workers. Discussion and visual tools - e.g. a spider diagram of causes of unsafe sex and how to overcome these - are being used in group work to analyse concerns expressed by sex workers , along with survey questionnaires and in-depth interviews. In the second p hase the project will address sensitive topics such as violence and unsafe sex in more depth, in hopes of protecting the emerging solidarity among sex workers and shifting the balance towards greeter co-operation.