Tl. Petryshen et al., Evidence for a susceptibility locus on chromosome 6q influencing phonological coding dyslexia, AM J MED G, 105(6), 2001, pp. 507-517
A linkage study of 96 dyslexia families containing at least two affected si
blings (totaling 877 individuals) has found evidence for a dyslexia suscept
ibility gene on chromosome 6q11.2-q12 (assigned the name DYX4). Using a qua
litative phonological coding dyslexia (PCD) phenotype (affected, unaffected
, or uncertain diagnoses), two-point parametric analyses found highly sugge
stive evidence for linkage between PCD and markers D6S254, D6S965, D6S280,
and D6S251 (LODmax scores=2.4 to 2.8) across an 11 cM region. Multipoint pa
rametric analysis supported linkage of PCD to this region (peak HLOD = 1.6)
, as did multipoint nonparametric linkage analysis (P = 0.012). Quantitativ
e trait linkage analyses of four reading measures (phonological awareness,
phonological coding, spelling, and rapid automatized naming speed) also pro
vided evidence for a dyslexia susceptibility locus on chromosome 6q. Using
a variance-component approach, analysis of phonological coding and spelling
measures resulted in peak LOD scores at D6S965 of 2.1 and 3.3, respectivel
y, under 2 degrees of freedom. Furthermore, multipoint nonparametric quanti
tative trait siblingpair analyses suggested linkage between the 6q region a
nd phonological awareness, phonological coding, and spelling (P = 0.018, 0.
017, 0.0005, respectively, for unweighted sibpairs <18 years of age). Altho
ugh conventional significance thresholds were not reached in the linkage an
alyses, the chromosome 6q11.2-q12 region clearly warrants investigation in
other dyslexia family samples to attempt replication and confirmation of a
dyslexia susceptibility gene in this region. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.